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I felt at the start the writer came across too angry about the topic, and that takes away a little from the information presented, making it feel like it could come from a bias. But considering I share the frustration I can't judge to harshly. I'm not convinced how achievable his solutions are unfortunatly.
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While I find myself agreeing with most of the premises of the book, Cory Doctorow doesn’t really do a great job proving his points. I feel like this book would have been a lot better with more citations, examples and statistics. This felt more like an essay about the evils of big tech monopolies than anything. But I do think the key message of the book is important.

"Fixing tech isn't more important than fixing everything else, but unless we fix tech, we can forget about winning any of those other fights" Always big fan of Cory from his Google talk "The coming civil war over general purpose computing"

One of the books I've learnt the most in my life! Not a technical book, more about a legal landscape that so so impactful for tech industry cuz "deep pockets use the law - not technology - to ward off interperators" Here are some key takeaways, but MUST READ THE WHOLE BOOK to see legal nuances and their examples.

The books talk about Interoperability which is the ability where we can build new things and plug into old things to improve or to give people alternative for tech, resulting in better good for the whole. (example when Apple built iWork so people can use Windows with Mac) Interoperability drives industry, and gives people a choice to plug and play each parts. You dont rely on single company to repair and such. Lincoln literally requires the war procurement to be interoperable, makes sense since they cant just pause the war to wait for "official" gun provider to come and fix it....

As Von Nuemann Machine, every computers is universal (ofc this including printer, etc.), we can't program it to be able to NOT run certain things. The things that prevent people from doing so are regulations, not technical. Yes, you can write software to prevent others to do something, but someone out there will be able to reverse engineer that, technically. Umm, would this argument still be true though, if we achieve indistinguishability obfuscation.

"The answer to the machine isn't the machine" We dont trust a certain algorithm to judge anything without context and second thought by humans nor can we hold those companies that own that algorithm to be accountable for their user's actions. Knowledge by the edge is so crucial, hence it makes sense to cut big companies dow to size.

This book explores so many essential laws that affect technology as an industry, mostly on copyright stuffs, trademarks, and those rules that block interoperability. (Oh this doesnt just matter to US, since US convince UN and UN convinces the rest of the world.) Then dive deeper how Adversarial Interoperability or "Competitive Compatibility" matters. It also sheds light how "human" aka Political elements shape society even in some non-profit organization like creating standards.

Some potential solutions:
- Binding covenants: Governments require procurement supplier to provide interoperability
- State limits on contract: unenforce non-compete
- Adult Supervision: A special master for cheating tech companies who acts as gatekeeper when tech giant is going to sue or threaten another company.
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