Reviews

Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe

novabird's review against another edition

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3.0

Just as Robinson Crusoe survived despite being castaway from society, Moll Flanders, as an anti-heroine, equally refuses to be cast off from society, even if she has to survive on the periphery of its edges to gain her footing.

Defoe sets out a faux autobiographical account that was realistic for its times in its exposé of women’s criminality and femininity, back then a curious hybrid.

Defoe could certainly empathize with his character Moll, as he had been imprisoned in Newgate, more than once, for bankruptcy and this gives his story of a woman criminal credulity.

The ambivalence found in the narrative account of Moll’s life is an expression of her own confusion between femininity and criminality and is expressed between her desired outcome of marriage and her feared outcome of being destitute.

Early on, Moll demonstrates that she is out of character for her class in being an orphaned child born into poverty. The essence of her childhood is found in her desire to be a gentlewoman and her pride in being treated differently than other children. Until the age of eighteen, Moll receives a gentlewoman’s education alongside the Mayor’s daughters. This pride gives way to vanity, which ultimately leads towards her being deceived.


Moll’s childhood life does not predispose her towards criminality, yet she moves towards that as her options are narrowed. By necessity, she becomes a criminal not by vocation. After she is betrayed by her first love, she declares, “that Cheat called LOVE will not trick her again and that she resolved to be married or nothing at all.” It is through her love of the ‘elder brother’ that she is initiated into the world of secrecy and duplicity and associates sex with money. However, she learns that money without the knowledge of legal opportunities to invest it can’t provide the security she needs, as women did not have autonomy over their monetary affairs unless approved of by a male authority figure, and this is what motivates her towards being married.

Moll uses her artistry of duplicity in her attempts to rise above her station, by using both her intellect and wiles. Yet, she is not solely governed by self-perseverance and survival, as her abhorrence of both abortion and incest show. Both of these events leave her in a more vulnerable position, than had she coldly and calculatingly accepted either, but she rejects both.

In the aftermath of her many marriages, she is little better off than when she was single, and as she ages and her potential marital prospects lessen she becomes an opportunist criminal, taking advantage of situations that arise naturally to exploit others. She infrequently plans her criminal activity instead she calls it going ‘abroad.’ Eventually she becomes so hardened to a life of crime, that she becomes addicted to avarice.

Was Moll Flanders worth the time invested in reading? Yes, if only for the realism provided by Defoe into the conditions in which women lived in 18th century England, and for that specific reason, I believe it is still part of the western canon.

Despite not having the usual time references that help the reader navigate the plot, I stuck with it, regardless of how long it took me to finish it.

However, I kept waiting for a sense that Moll had learned from her past experiences, but then again 18th century writers were not interested in character development. It was curiosity in how Moll was being depicted as an anti-heroine that drove me to complete my reading of Moll Flanders and not keen interest in her as a character.

Yet, for 18th century women reading Moll Flanders, she would have been seen as heroic, simply because of whom she appealed to in the form of audience (even though it had to be read to them). And because of the novelty of character type, it was hugely popular in its day. She is a clever female criminal that gets away with it, who makes herself a better life by fortunate inheritance and the savings she accumulated from her criminal activities. Moll attains upward mobility and achieves her goal of becoming a gentlewoman, because in America, unlike when she was in England, she is in control of how she invests her money. Her final inversion of social convention is that her husband becomes a “kept,” man.

I can see how this type of depiction of a woman criminal as an anti-heroine did not work for me. Not because she didn’t elicit any sympathy; she did so numerous times, but it is because even when she calculatingly risks, she sacrifices nothing and does nothing heroic or anti-heroic, except to survive and gain in her footing on the social ladder. She becomes a portrait of selfishness, a personification of avarice.

fr_eddie's review against another edition

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adventurous funny tense slow-paced
  • Plot- or character-driven? Character
  • Strong character development? It's complicated
  • Loveable characters? It's complicated
  • Diverse cast of characters? No
  • Flaws of characters a main focus? Yes

3.0

Moll sei una girlboss ma dio santo Daniel mi hai fatto due palle grandi come un campo da calcio.

Libro che racconta la storia di Moll, donna badass che fa un po' quello che vuole, e Moll manco è il suo nome, ha un numero spropositato di mariti e un numero ancora più spropositato di bambini che puntualmente abbandona o se ne dimentica. Storia di una donna davvero interessante, che cerca di vivere da signora senza mai sottomettersi, prima grazie ai matrimoni e poi grazie a mezzi meno legali. Slay ig.
("e io rimanevo fedele a questa mia teoria: una donna che ha abbastanza soldi per badare a se stessa non dovrebbe mai fare la mantenuta”)


Unico grande problema è l'andatura del libro, mannaggia a Daniel. Il racconto della vita di Moll è narrato tutto in prima persona dalla donna e quasi nessuno ha un nome. Frasi si susseguono composte solo da “lui dice questo e io dico quello e allora sui dipende codesto e io rinfaccio quest'altro”, eventi che si ripetono continuamente (oh no, Moll non ha soldi! Che fortuna ha trovato un uomo, adesso lo sta corteggiando, adesso si sono sposati. Oh no, è morto il marito! Moll non ha soldi!), nessuna divisione in capitoli che ti stimola ad arrivare fino a un certo punto. 

Libro che si divide tra la protagonista che agisce da badass e l'autore che si rende conto che sta scrivendo una donna e quindi la fa agire come crede che agiscano le donne ("Provai in tutti i modi a persuaderlo e ricorsi anche a quella famosa retorica delle donne, e cioè il pianto;“ …ew); Moll che da una parte è una protagonista seria e dall'altra è una sciocca donna che ha bisogno di qualcuno che le insegni come vivere (i cinque mariti, la Governante, il figlio). Nonostante ci siano disavventure, sembra che tutto vada bene per Moll, che lei riesca sempre a cavarsela, pure quando è alla forca. Buon per lei ig.

Libro abbastanza comico, con Moll che sa che è una regina ("In questo modo godevo, come dicevo prima, di tutti i vantaggi dell’istruzione che avrei avuto se fossi stata una gentildonna come quelle con cui vivevo, e in alcune cose ero pure meglio di loro, per quanto fossero di una classe superiore alla mia; ma si trattava di doti naturali, che neanche con tutte le loro ricchezze esse avrebbero potuto procurarsi. Primo, ero di certo più piacente di ognuna di loro. Secondo, avevo forme più aggraziate e, terzo, cantavo meglio, insomma, avevo una voce più bella; e questa, consentitemi di dirlo, non era una mia convinzione, ma l’opinione di tutti quelli che conoscevano la famiglia.”), fraintendimenti, o Moll che ruba roba strana (fra in che senso rubi un cavallo. cosa te ne fai. come lo rivendi.), anche se davvero molto lento. La protagonista inizia a rubare qualcosa a circa tre quarti del libro e viene beccata più o meno all’ottanta per cento, quindi la maggior parte del libro si concentra sui problemi d'amore di una donna nel seicento. E diciamo che, pur avendo avuto cinque mariti, Moll non è troppo fortunata in amore:
 •il suo primo marito è un patatone, peccato che lei si sia chiavata prima il fratello ("Lo confesso, aver perso mio marito non ebbe su di me l’effetto che avrebbe dovuto avere, e non posso neanche dire di averlo mai amato come ci si sarebbe aspettati da me, o almeno in maniera adeguata a quanto mi trattava bene lui; era infatti un uomo dolce, gentile, allegro, quello che ogni donna desidera, ma avere suo fratello sempre davanti agli occhi, se non altro quando eravamo in campagna, era per me un’insidia continua; e mai una volta, a letto con mio marito, non desiderai di essere tra le braccia del fratello; e anche se da dopo il matrimonio lui non si era mai fatto avanti con certe attenzioni ma si era comportato da fratello e basta, per me fare lo stesso con lui era impossibile”)
•il secondo marito è un gentiluomo (spende tutti i soldi che tengono e poi scompare, a true gentleman);
•il terzo marito tiene i soldi in America, dai cazzo! (è suo fratello.);
•il quarto marito doveva essere ricchissimo e poi non teneva una lira (lui l'ha sposata perché credeva che lei tenesse i soldi);
•il quinto marito è un patatone (che deve un attimo aspettare a sposarla perché deve prima divorziare dalla moglie zoccola).


Libro che prova ad avere una morale anche poco velatamente ("Poiché questa storia della mia vita viene pubblicata per ricavare la giusta morale da ogni sua parte e dare a ogni lettore un insegnamento, un monito, un avvertimento, e renderlo migliore, allora non sembrerà superflua, spero, questa digressione su certa gente che si trova costretta a rivelare i propri più grandi segreti o le faccende degli altri.”) ed è abbastanza femminista, incredibilmente ("D’altro canto, il mercato era disgraziatamente dalla parte degli uomini, e perciò le donne avevano perso il privilegio di dire di no; ormai chi faceva UNA PROPOSTA a una donna era come se le facesse un piacere, tanto che se una giovane fosse stata così arrogante da fare mostra di rifiutarne una, non avrebbe avuto la possibilità di farlo di nuovo, e ancor meno di recuperare dal passo falso e accettare ciò che prima aveva anche solo dato a vedere di rifiutare: gli uomini avevano così tanta scelta ovunque andassero, che la sorte delle donne era davvero disgraziata; sembrava che fossero loro a bussare a ogni porta, mentre gli uomini, se pure per un caso strano fossero stati respinti in una casa, erano sicuri di essere ricevuti in quella dopo”). Ti ricordi però che Moll viene chiamata più volte una sgualdrina perché è andata a letto con un uomo sposato, però lui è santo. Daniel, no.

Un libro abbastanza carino però per quanto riguarda le abitudini e le leggi dell'epoca, con episodi narrati nel corso della storia che non sono niente male. Peccato che il tipo di narrazione appesantisca tutto, rendendo una storia interessante in un libro difficile da terminare per quante volte si ripete e dice sempre le stesse cose.

Lo consiglierei? No. Pur essendo un libro di circa quattrocento pagine, non riuscivo a finirlo, un ritmo lento come nient'altro. Ha come protagonista una donna, cosa molto buona, che vive un sacco di tempo, però l'autore ci tiene a ricordare quanto le donne siano subdole e zoccole probabilmente perché non chiavava abbastanza. I personaggi femminili scritti da uomini in questo periodo fanno pena, immagina nel seicento 



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octavia_cade's review against another edition

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adventurous medium-paced

3.0

The thing about Moll is that she says, flat-out, that most readers will find the story of her repentance a lot less interesting than all the stories of her sinning... and she's right. The vast majority of the book is a catalogue of her bad behaviour, and I was honestly surprised at how modern her presentation was. I've never read Defoe and know vanishingly little about him, except that this book of his came out in 1722, so I wasn't expecting such a feminist approach to the main character. Yes, Moll is essentially amoral, always out for herself, but it's clear that Defoe considers her a product of exploitation and poverty as well as her own character. I think he enjoys her immensely, and that atonement at the end... it does water her down somewhat.

The thing is, even before we got to the watering down, I was getting a little bored. Immensely appealing as Moll is, her story got pretty repetitive by the end. There's only so many times she can steal or cheat or screw her way through the surrounding population until it feels a bit same-old, and I was done long before she was.

I will say that this edition has a particularly poor attempt at a glossary tucked away at the back. A glossary related to classic literature in general, not just this novel, but it's badly edited and occasionally inaccurate. Check out the entry for "words, to have" which asserts that Black Beauty was written by Emily Brontë. I think the fuck not. 

gospodakat's review against another edition

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reflective slow-paced
  • Plot- or character-driven? Character
  • Strong character development? Yes
  • Loveable characters? It's complicated
  • Diverse cast of characters? No
  • Flaws of characters a main focus? Yes

3.0

bebeloved's review against another edition

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adventurous medium-paced
  • Plot- or character-driven? Character
  • Strong character development? Yes
  • Loveable characters? No
  • Diverse cast of characters? No
  • Flaws of characters a main focus? Yes

2.75

blondierocket's review against another edition

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3.0

Started reading because it’s on the 1,001 Books list and seems like one of those classics everyone needs to enjoy. While I found it a great read and very interesting watching the fortunes and misfortunes, it was different reading a story that was not broken up into chapters or sections. As I read it online, that was how it was provided, so I’m not sure if that is how the actual book is put together, but it made it hard to always find a good stopping point and then to join back in.

warrenl's review against another edition

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4.0

Moll Flanders is an engaging character. I lost count of the number of husbands she accumulated, and the children she abandoned, but even as she lies, deceives, connives and steals her way through life, I cannot help liking her. It is her frankness, her complete awareness of her own failings and, ironically, her honesty.

Defoe provides us not only with one of literature's greatest characters, but also an exceptional account of the social conditions and thinking that prevailed in late 17th/early 18th century England. For all of its faults, and they're there to be found, "Moll Flanders" is a fascinating book, an essential read.

rafap's review against another edition

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adventurous emotional funny slow-paced
  • Plot- or character-driven? Character
  • Strong character development? Yes
  • Loveable characters? Yes
  • Diverse cast of characters? No
  • Flaws of characters a main focus? Yes

4.5

kinnimomo's review against another edition

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medium-paced
  • Plot- or character-driven? Character
  • Strong character development? Yes
  • Loveable characters? It's complicated
  • Diverse cast of characters? No
  • Flaws of characters a main focus? Yes

3.5

whimsicallyjaded's review against another edition

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1.0

DNF with about 20 pages to go.

Once I realized I definitely had enough to write about for my essay, I just couldn’t do it anymore. Cannot just keep forcing myself to do extra work, u know? Life is busy. If something is extraneous, I’m not going to hesitate to cut it out. If I need to actually finish it I will but it’s nowhere NEAR worth it to finish it right now.

It’s boring and long and pointless. I just think it’s dumb and silly and not even worth studying academically to be honest. What am I getting out of this? Ohhhhh the 18th century kinda sucked for women????? Knew that already! Oh hello my name is Daniel Defoe and I’m going to write a female character that is actually sorta unredeemable and I’m gonna victimize all the men and I’m going to say that marriage is for whores only and I’m going to say that it’s easier to be a criminal for a woman. Stfu!!