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3.74 AVERAGE
3.74 AVERAGE
Though written in 1985 (it contains a postscript from 1992), this is a classic study of the emergence and history of nations. Hobsbawn argues convincingly that nations and nationalism do not adequately describe modern political entities not do linguistic, ethnic or cultural definitions of nations hold up under scrutiny.
Should be on the bookshelf of every student of politics, history or economics.
Should be on the bookshelf of every student of politics, history or economics.
challenging
informative
slow-paced
informative
medium-paced
Intertextualidad
Menciones directas:
* Physics and politics (1887) de Walter Bagehot.
* "Nationalism: a trend report and bibliography" (1973) de A. D. Smith.
* Theories of nationalism (1983) de A. D. Smith.
* The ethnic origins of nations (1986) de A. D. Smith.
* Del gobierno representativo (1861) de John Stuart Mill.
* "Qu'est ce que c'est une nation?" (1882) de Ernest Renán.
* Les marxistes et la question nationale 1848-1914 (1974) de Georges Haupt, Michel Lowy y Claudie Weill.
* Die Nationalitatenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie (1907) de Otto Bauer.
* Toward a Marxist theory of nationalism (1978) de Horace B. Davis.
* Marxism and the national and colonial question (1936) de Joseph Stalin.
* The historical evolution of modern nationalism (1931) de Carleton B. Hayes.
* The idea of nationalism (1944) de Hans Kohn.
* Nationalism. Problems concerning the word, the concept and classification (1964) de A. Kemiláinen.
* History of nationalism in the East (1929) de Hans Kohn.
* Nationalism and imperialism in the Hither East (1932) de Hans Kohn.
* Nationalism and social communication. An enquiry into the foundations of nationality (1953) de Karl W. Deutsch.
* The age of revolution 1789-1848 (1962) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* The age of capital 1848-1875 (1975) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* The age of empire 1875-1914 (1987) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* "The attitude of popular classes towards national movements for independence" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Mouvements nationaux d'indépendance et classes populaires aux xix et xx siécles en Occident et en Orient (1971).
* "Some reflections on nationalism" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Imagination and precision in the social sciences: Essays in memory of Peter Nettl (1972).
* "Reflections on 'The break-up of Britain'" (1977) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* "What is the worker's country?" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Worlds of labour (1984) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* "Working-class internationalism" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Internationalism in the labour movement (1988) de F. van Holthoon y Marcel van der Linden.
* Social preconditions of national revival in Europe (1985) de Miroslav Hroch.
* Imagined communities (1983) de Benedict Anderson.
* Nations before nationalism (1982) de L. Armstrong.
* Nationalism and the state (1982) de John Breuilly.
* The hidden frontier: ecology and ethnicity in an Alpine valley (1974) de John W. Colé y Eric R. Wolf.
* Language problems of developing countries (1968) de J. Fishman.
* Nations and nationalism (1983) de Ernest Gellner.
* The invention of tradition (1983) de E. J. Hobsbawm y Terence Ranger.
* Nation und Geschichte: Studien (1981) de Jeno Szücs.
* The formation of national states in Western Europe (1975) de C. Tilly y otros.
* "When was Wales?" de Gwyn A. Williams en The Welsh in their history (1982).
* "The case for a federal constitution for Ceylon" (1951) de Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kadchi.
* "Ethnic conflict and the Tamil separatist movement in Sri Lanka" (1985) de Robert N. Kearney.
* Mención al país ficticio de Ruritania, de las novelas El prisionero de Zenda (1894) y Ruperto de Hentzau (1898) de Anthony Hope.
* "La televisione e la lingua italiana" (1982) de Antonio Sorella.
* The making and unmaking of British national identity (1989) de Raphael Samuel.
* "Whose nation? Class and national consciousness in Britain 1750-1830" de Linda Colley (1986).
* Mención a los escritores Karl Kautsky, Rosa Luxemburg y Lenin.
Menciones directas:
* Physics and politics (1887) de Walter Bagehot.
* "Nationalism: a trend report and bibliography" (1973) de A. D. Smith.
* Theories of nationalism (1983) de A. D. Smith.
* The ethnic origins of nations (1986) de A. D. Smith.
* Del gobierno representativo (1861) de John Stuart Mill.
* "Qu'est ce que c'est une nation?" (1882) de Ernest Renán.
* Les marxistes et la question nationale 1848-1914 (1974) de Georges Haupt, Michel Lowy y Claudie Weill.
* Die Nationalitatenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie (1907) de Otto Bauer.
* Toward a Marxist theory of nationalism (1978) de Horace B. Davis.
* Marxism and the national and colonial question (1936) de Joseph Stalin.
* The historical evolution of modern nationalism (1931) de Carleton B. Hayes.
* The idea of nationalism (1944) de Hans Kohn.
* Nationalism. Problems concerning the word, the concept and classification (1964) de A. Kemiláinen.
* History of nationalism in the East (1929) de Hans Kohn.
* Nationalism and imperialism in the Hither East (1932) de Hans Kohn.
* Nationalism and social communication. An enquiry into the foundations of nationality (1953) de Karl W. Deutsch.
* The age of revolution 1789-1848 (1962) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* The age of capital 1848-1875 (1975) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* The age of empire 1875-1914 (1987) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* "The attitude of popular classes towards national movements for independence" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Mouvements nationaux d'indépendance et classes populaires aux xix et xx siécles en Occident et en Orient (1971).
* "Some reflections on nationalism" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Imagination and precision in the social sciences: Essays in memory of Peter Nettl (1972).
* "Reflections on 'The break-up of Britain'" (1977) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* "What is the worker's country?" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Worlds of labour (1984) de E. J. Hobsbawm.
* "Working-class internationalism" de E. J. Hobsbawm en Internationalism in the labour movement (1988) de F. van Holthoon y Marcel van der Linden.
* Social preconditions of national revival in Europe (1985) de Miroslav Hroch.
* Imagined communities (1983) de Benedict Anderson.
* Nations before nationalism (1982) de L. Armstrong.
* Nationalism and the state (1982) de John Breuilly.
* The hidden frontier: ecology and ethnicity in an Alpine valley (1974) de John W. Colé y Eric R. Wolf.
* Language problems of developing countries (1968) de J. Fishman.
* Nations and nationalism (1983) de Ernest Gellner.
* The invention of tradition (1983) de E. J. Hobsbawm y Terence Ranger.
* Nation und Geschichte: Studien (1981) de Jeno Szücs.
* The formation of national states in Western Europe (1975) de C. Tilly y otros.
* "When was Wales?" de Gwyn A. Williams en The Welsh in their history (1982).
* "The case for a federal constitution for Ceylon" (1951) de Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kadchi.
* "Ethnic conflict and the Tamil separatist movement in Sri Lanka" (1985) de Robert N. Kearney.
* Mención al país ficticio de Ruritania, de las novelas El prisionero de Zenda (1894) y Ruperto de Hentzau (1898) de Anthony Hope.
* "La televisione e la lingua italiana" (1982) de Antonio Sorella.
* The making and unmaking of British national identity (1989) de Raphael Samuel.
* "Whose nation? Class and national consciousness in Britain 1750-1830" de Linda Colley (1986).
* Mención a los escritores Karl Kautsky, Rosa Luxemburg y Lenin.
Just finished this for my dissertation, a very relevant book but found it difficult to read more than one chapter per day.
informative
slow-paced
Hobsbawm in this book argues against Gellner and Anderson's proposition that nationalism is a concept that is deeply rooted in the minds of people. The first chapter talks about how the concept of Nation is not even older than 240 years and in the subsequent chapters looks at the changing nature of nationalism and nation-states starting from the French revolution, the Mazinnian phase (1830-1870) based on the threshold principle, followed by the 'Wilsonian' phase (1870-1918) based on the self-determination principle, and the postcolonial formation of nation-states in the middle of the 20th century based on anti-imperialism.
Hobsbawm's analysis of the formation of new nations in the Third World is also interesting. He argues that the colonial frontiers along with the administered units (ethnolinguistic territorial units in the case of USSR) put in place by the imperial powers paradoxically led to the imagination of the multi-ethnic and multi-lingual population inside these units to imagine a new nation occupying this territory. This is applicable to the 'nation' of India as well as to the imagination of new nations that resulted in the formation of new 'imagined' nations (Kazhak, Kirghiz, Uzbek etc.) after the split of USSR.
In the last chapter, Hobsbawm looks at the phenomenon of nation and nationalism. While stating that the 'national economy' no more holds water, the nation-state still in the age of globalized economy retains a central position amongst it population, but in a different role, that of the redistributor of social income. Further, he also looks at the role of 21st century technology that has been accelerating the movement of people (migration), ideas and money, thereby making the role of inter-governmental, non-governmental agencies and economic regions more significant and how the phenomenon of nationalism might have crossed its peak.
Overall, an interesting analysis on a phenomenon that is new to humans but has impacted the lives of humans never before seen in our history.
Hobsbawm's analysis of the formation of new nations in the Third World is also interesting. He argues that the colonial frontiers along with the administered units (ethnolinguistic territorial units in the case of USSR) put in place by the imperial powers paradoxically led to the imagination of the multi-ethnic and multi-lingual population inside these units to imagine a new nation occupying this territory. This is applicable to the 'nation' of India as well as to the imagination of new nations that resulted in the formation of new 'imagined' nations (Kazhak, Kirghiz, Uzbek etc.) after the split of USSR.
In the last chapter, Hobsbawm looks at the phenomenon of nation and nationalism. While stating that the 'national economy' no more holds water, the nation-state still in the age of globalized economy retains a central position amongst it population, but in a different role, that of the redistributor of social income. Further, he also looks at the role of 21st century technology that has been accelerating the movement of people (migration), ideas and money, thereby making the role of inter-governmental, non-governmental agencies and economic regions more significant and how the phenomenon of nationalism might have crossed its peak.
Overall, an interesting analysis on a phenomenon that is new to humans but has impacted the lives of humans never before seen in our history.
My only grievance is that I don't know how someone could research and name hundreds of (pre-modern nation-state) European identities the average person has never heard of and use heaps of them as examples throughout the book, only to get around to the final chapter and say something like, "the Asian and Islamic countries." He obviously has the capacity to be a little more thorough than that.
informative
slow-paced
Published in 1990. The famous Marxist historian takes up the phenomenon of nationalism. He dates the central theme from 1780 since the concept of nationalism itself is a fairly recent adaptation of old tribal allegiances. In the middle ages and early modern period it was possible for serfs to feel an attachment to their laird or a king but the concept of a nation is relatively new.
Patrie has been manipulated throughout the ages and frequently by governments we would not call nationalist in themselves, but it has helped ruling classes to stoke ethnic tensions and keep the workers in their place. The first part of this book deals with what constitutes a nation and the various ethno-linguistic currents of nationalist movements and how they closely relate to nothing more than myth. The second part contests that nationalism has been a potent force particularly in the twentieth century but is waning. Here the author gives himself over to hope as much as reason seeing technological advances and state reductions coupled with unstoppable waves of migration as the precursor to the inevitable collapse of the nationalist ideology of historic imagined communities. Imagined insofar as they are a curious mixture political construction and false sovereignty. Common language or religion mixed with an ethnic cohesion or historical experience present only an opportunity to create these social artefacts we call nations. From here is produced the imagined community. It was necessary to make Italy before Italians could be made.
Hobsbawm sees nationalism as chauvinism and an opportunity for the reactionary elements in society to seize power. It is this assumption of perversity that runs through the book and gives it its fierce critical element. Nationalism has done little good for the people of the world, and will one day hopefully have its opportunities for damage reduced. Given that the book was written in the aftermath of Soviet collapse there is an element of wishful thinking in the hypothesis. It could be argued that nationalism has grown since 1990, especially in the Balkans where new states had to be created to halt genocide and the general slip of the United States to nationalistic fascism. Hobsbawm does say that the collapse of nationalism will take a long time, and I hope eventually that he is right. For now, although this is a detailed and interesting history of an ideology in which the conclusion is at best a work in progress.
Patrie has been manipulated throughout the ages and frequently by governments we would not call nationalist in themselves, but it has helped ruling classes to stoke ethnic tensions and keep the workers in their place. The first part of this book deals with what constitutes a nation and the various ethno-linguistic currents of nationalist movements and how they closely relate to nothing more than myth. The second part contests that nationalism has been a potent force particularly in the twentieth century but is waning. Here the author gives himself over to hope as much as reason seeing technological advances and state reductions coupled with unstoppable waves of migration as the precursor to the inevitable collapse of the nationalist ideology of historic imagined communities. Imagined insofar as they are a curious mixture political construction and false sovereignty. Common language or religion mixed with an ethnic cohesion or historical experience present only an opportunity to create these social artefacts we call nations. From here is produced the imagined community. It was necessary to make Italy before Italians could be made.
Hobsbawm sees nationalism as chauvinism and an opportunity for the reactionary elements in society to seize power. It is this assumption of perversity that runs through the book and gives it its fierce critical element. Nationalism has done little good for the people of the world, and will one day hopefully have its opportunities for damage reduced. Given that the book was written in the aftermath of Soviet collapse there is an element of wishful thinking in the hypothesis. It could be argued that nationalism has grown since 1990, especially in the Balkans where new states had to be created to halt genocide and the general slip of the United States to nationalistic fascism. Hobsbawm does say that the collapse of nationalism will take a long time, and I hope eventually that he is right. For now, although this is a detailed and interesting history of an ideology in which the conclusion is at best a work in progress.