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284 pages • missing pub info (editions)
ISBN/UID: 9781138108493
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Publisher: Routledge
Publication date: 26 May 2017
Description
In the wake of the Ottoman Empire's nineteenth-century reforms, as guilds waned and new professions emerged, the scholarly 'estate' underwent social differentiation. Some found employment in the state's new institutions as translators, teachers an...
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284 pages • missing pub info (editions)
ISBN/UID: 9781138108493
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Publisher: Routledge
Publication date: 26 May 2017
Description
In the wake of the Ottoman Empire's nineteenth-century reforms, as guilds waned and new professions emerged, the scholarly 'estate' underwent social differentiation. Some found employment in the state's new institutions as translators, teachers an...