4.0

A fascinating if sometimes difficult book. If I can be so bold as to talk about what I saw as the big takeaways, there are two that really jump out at me: One, today's societies are addicted to GNP growth, and it often seems that this growth is for its own sake. As Raworth puts it, "We have an economy that needs to grow, whether or not it makes us thrive; we need an economy that makes us thrive, whether or not it grows." The other overarching point is the concept of the doughnut itself. Basically, there is in society (one might better say humanity) a "sweet spot" that is the doughnut itself, what Raworth calls a "safe, just space." In the middle of the doughnut hole can be envisioned many of society's ills, such as poverty, hunger, wealth inequality, lack of a political voice, etc. High-income societies such as the United States and much of Europe have been able, obviously only to a certain extent, address many of these problems, but at the cost of tremendous overuse of planetary resources which puts the ability of Earth to sustain us at risk. It then of course follows that the outside of the doughnut represents the unsustainable overuse of these resources: clean water, food, energy sources, and so on. Reading this book IS a challenge, but a worthwhile one.